The United States faces a complex global foreign intelligence threat environment in 2019.  Russia and China will continue to be the leading state intelligence threats to U.S. interests, based on their services’ capabilities, intent, and broad operational scopes.  Other states also pose persistent threats, notably Iran and Cuba.  Geopolitical, societal, and technological changes will increase opportunities for foreign intelligence services and other entities — such as terrorists, criminals, and cyber actors — to collect on U.S. activities and information to the detriment of U.S. interests.

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Penetrating the U.S. national decision-making apparatus and the Intelligence Community will remain a key objective for numerous foreign intelligence services and other entities.  In addition, targeting of national security information and proprietary technology from U.S. companies and research institutions will remain a sophisticated and persistent threat.

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Source:  Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.  January 29, 2019